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Alfred Sohn-Rethel (4 January 1899 – 6 April 1990) was a Marxian economist and philosopher especially interested in epistemology. He also wrote about the relationship between German industry and National Socialism. ==Life== Born in Neuilly-sur-Seine near Paris, Sohn-Rethel came from a family of painters and his father was a painter too. His mother came from the Oppenheim family and had influential relations with big business. As his family did not want him also to become a painter, he was brought up by his uncle, the steel industrialist Ernst Poensgen. On Christmas 1915 he expressed a wish for a copy of Karl Marx ''Capital'' as a present. He received one and studied it intensively. Thrown out of home, he participated in the anti-war student protest in his first year at Heidelberg University in 1917.〔Alfred Sohn-Rethel, 'Preface', ''Intellectual and Manual Labour''〕 From 1920 Sohn-Rethel was a friend of the philosopher Ernst Bloch, and he met Walter Benjamin in 1921. He came to live in Positano in 1923–24, and ''Naples: philosophy of the broken'' recorded his fascination with the relaxed Neapolitan attitude to technology.〔(The Ideal of the Broken-Down: On the Neapolitan Approach to Things Technical )〕 Between 1924 and 1927 he remained in Italy, "mainly in Capri, where Benjamin and Bloch were staying",〔 meeting Adorno and Kracauer also at Capri in 1924. He stayed in contact with different members of the Frankfurt School, to whom his theoretical concerns were close; however, they never established a close working relationship. Sohn-Rethel received his doctorate with the Austrian Marxist Emil Lederer in 1928.〔''Von der Analytik des Wirtschaftcns zur Theorie der Volkswirtschaft: Methodologische Untersuchung mit besonderem Bezug auf die Theorie Schumpeters'', 1928. Published 1936.〕 In his thesis he criticized the theory of marginal utility as a petitio principii because it implies the notion of number implicitly. Thanks to Poensgen he found a job as research assistant at the Mitteleuropäischer Wirtschaftstag (MWT). The MWT was a lobbying organization of the leading export industries. From 1931 to 1936 he worked 'in the cave of the lion' and watched and analyzed power politics from a very close distance. At the same time he had contacts with socialist resistance groups like ''Neu beginnen'' or ''Der rote Stosstrupp''. In 1937 he emigrated via Switzerland and Paris to England. He wrote economic analyses for a circle close to Winston Churchill which were used against Neville Chamberlain's appeasement policy. For a long time after the Second World War Sohn-Rethel was not really able to continue his theoretical work. He made a living teaching French. He joined the Communist Party and despite his disillusionment he was a member until 1972. The 1968 movement created a new interest in his work. At the funeral of Adorno he met the editor Unseld who encouraged him to crystallize his ideas in his major work ''Intellectual and manual labor''. In 1978 Sohn-Rethel was appointed Professor for Social Philosophy at Bremen University. He died in Bremen in 1990. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alfred Sohn-Rethel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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